this和that的区别有: 表示"这"，指较近的人或物；that 表示"那"，指较远的人或物。2.用来回指上文提到的事情时，两者都可以等区别。
1. this 表示"这"，指较近的人或物；that 表示"那"，指较远的人或物。如：
This was not just a tax dodge.
这不仅仅是逃税的问题。
This drink tastes like sherry.
这种酒味道像雪利酒。
This door gives onto the hall.
这道门通往大厅。
What if this doesn't work out?
如果这行不通怎么办呢？
This meat is extremely tender.
这肉嫩得很。
This path leads to the summit.
这条路通往山顶。
This could set a new fashion.
这或许会开创一种新时尚呢。
"Whose is this?"—"It's mine."
"这是谁的？"—"是我的。"
I want this book, not that book.
我要这本书，不是那本书。
This rope is longer than that one.
这根绳子比那根长。
Mind that cup, you clumsy oaf!
当心那个杯子，你这笨手笨脚的家伙！
hat sounds great. Deal me in!
这听起来太棒了。算我一个！
Now then, that's enough noise.
好啦，这够吵了。
That noise is driving me nuts!
那噪音吵得我要疯了。
Look! It's going up that tree.
瞧！它正在往那棵树上爬呢。
That was a nasty little trick.
这是个可恶的小骗局。
Could you teach me to do that?
你能教我干那活儿吗？
2.用来回指上文提到的事情时，两者都可以。如：
They're students, not teachers. You know this [that], of course.
他们是学生，不是老师，这点你当然清楚。
John had a bad cold. That [This] was why he didn't turn up.
约翰患了重感冒，这（那）就是他没有来的原因。
若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this。如：
I want to know this: Is he healthy?
我想知道这一点：他是否很健康。
3. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方。如：
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John?
喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗?
但在美国英语中指对方时也可用 this。
4. 两者都可用作副词，与形容词或副词连用，其义为"这么""那么"（=so）。如：
It isn't all that cold.
还没冷到那种程度。
I didn't realize she was that ill.
我没想到她病得那么重。
The book is about this thick.
那本书大约有这么厚。
I didn't think it would be this easy.
我没想到会这样容易。
